Home page of dr. Filip Biljecki, NUS - Singapore

Hello, I am an assistant professor in GIS at the National University of Singapore where I am heading the NUS Urban Analytics Lab. I hold a PhD degree (with highest honours) in 3D GIS from the Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands, where I also did my MSc in Geomatics. As secondary activities, I am an academic editor for GIS in the journal PLOS ONE, and I am involved in the World Economic Forum as council fellow. Feel free to contact me about my interests:

Job openings

I am looking to hire motivated researchers (post-doctoral fellows, PhD candidates, research associates, and undergraduate and graduate interns) to work on thrilling topics in the domain of GIS, 3D city modelling, geographic data science, and urban analytics in Singapore. Please feel free to express your interest by email or visit my research group's website.

[email protected]

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Department of Architecture
School of Design & Environment
National University of Singapore
4 Architecture Dr
Singapore 117566

Publications

International journal papers


J-18

    Linking Persistent Scatterers to the Built Environment using Ray-Tracing on Urban Models
    Mengshi Yang, Paco López-Dekker, Prabu Dheenathayalan, Filip Biljecki, Mingsheng Liao, Ramon F. Hanssen
    IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2019.
    PDF   DOI     In press   

    @article{2019_tgrs_ps3d,
    author = {Yang, Mengshi and López-Dekker, Paco and Dheenathayalan, Prabu and Biljecki, Filip and Liao, Mingsheng and Hanssen, Ramon F.},
    title = {{Linking Persistent Scatterers to the Built Environment using Ray-Tracing on Urban Models}},
    journal = {IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing},
    year = {2019},
    doi = {10.1109/TGRS.2019.2901904}
}

J-17

    Achieving Complete and Near-Lossless Conversion from IFC to CityGML
    Rudi Stouffs, Helga Tauscher, Filip Biljecki
    ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 7(9): 355, 2018.
    PDF   DOI     Open access   

    @article{2018_ijgi_ifc2citygml,
    author = {Stouffs, Rudi and Tauscher, Helga and Biljecki, Filip},
    title = {{Achieving Complete and Near-Lossless Conversion from IFC to CityGML}},
    journal = {ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information},
    year = {2018},
    volume = {7},
    number = {9},
    pages = {355},
    doi = {10.3390/ijgi7090355}
}

J-16

    CityGML Application Domain Extension (ADE): overview of developments
    Filip Biljecki, Kavisha Kumar, Claus Nagel
    Open Geospatial Data, Software and Standards, 3: 13, 2018.
    PDF   DOI     Open access   

    @article{2018_ogdss_ade,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Kumar, Kavisha and Nagel, Claus},
    title = {{CityGML Application Domain Extension (ADE): overview of developments}},
    journal = {Open Geospatial Data, Software and Standards},
    year = {2018},
    volume = {3},
    number = {1},
    pages = {13},
    doi = {10.1186/s40965-018-0055-6}
}

J-15

    The effect of acquisition error and level of detail on the accuracy of spatial analyses
    Filip Biljecki, Gerard Heuvelink, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter
    Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 45(2): 156-176, 2018.
    PDF   DOI     Open access   

    @article{2018_cagis_lod_error_propagation,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Heuvelink, Gerard B M and Ledoux, Hugo and Stoter, Jantien},
    title = {{The effect of acquisition error and level of detail on the accuracy of spatial analyses}},
    journal = {Cartography and Geographic Information Science},
    year = {2018},
    volume = {45},
    number = {2},
    pages = {156--176},
    doi = {10.1080/15230406.2017.1279986}
}

J-14

    The VI-Suite: a set of environmental analysis tools with geospatial data applications
    Ryan Southall, Filip Biljecki
    Open Geospatial Data, Software and Standards, 2: 23, 2017.
    PDF   DOI     Code   Open access   

    @article{2017_ogdss_visuite,
    author = {Southall, Ryan and Biljecki, Filip},
    title = {{The VI-Suite: a set of environmental analysis tools with geospatial data applications}},
    journal = {Open Geospatial Data, Software and Standards},
    year = {2017},
    volume = {2},
    pages = {23},
    doi = {10.1186/s40965-017-0036-1}
}

J-13

    Registration of Multi-Level Property Rights in 3D in The Netherlands: Two Cases and Next Steps in Further Implementation
    Jantien Stoter, Hendrik Ploeger, Ruben Roes, Els van der Riet, Filip Biljecki, Hugo Ledoux, Dirco Kok, Sangmin Kim
    ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 6(6): 158, 2017.
    PDF   DOI     Open access   

    @article{2017_ijgi_3d_cadastre,
    author = {Stoter, Jantien and Ploeger, Hendrik and Roes, Ruben and van der Riet, Els and Biljecki, Filip and Ledoux, Hugo and Kok, Dirco and Kim, Sangmin},
    title = {{Registration of Multi-Level Property Rights in 3D in The Netherlands: Two Cases and Next Steps in Further Implementation}},
    journal = {ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information},
    year = {2017},
    volume = {6},
    number = {6},
    pages = {158},
    doi = {10.3390/ijgi6060158}
}

J-12

    Generating 3D city models without elevation data
    Filip Biljecki, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter
    Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 64: 1-18, 2017.
    PDF   DOI   

    @article{2017_ceus_inferring_heights,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Ledoux, Hugo and Stoter, Jantien},
    title = {{Generating 3D city models without elevation data}},
    journal = {Computers, Environment and Urban Systems},
    year = {2017},
    volume = {64},
    pages = {1--18},
    doi = {10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2017.01.001}
}

J-11

    Population estimation using a 3D city model: a multi-scale country-wide study in the Netherlands
    Filip Biljecki, Ken Arroyo Ohori, Hugo Ledoux, Ravi Peters, Jantien Stoter
    PLOS ONE, 11(6): e0156808, 2016.
    PDF   DOI     Code   Data   Video   Open access 

    @article{2016_plosone_population,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Arroyo Ohori, Ken and Ledoux, Hugo and Peters, Ravi and Stoter, Jantien},
    title = {{Population Estimation Using a 3D City Model: A Multi-Scale Country-Wide Study in the Netherlands}},
    journal = {PLOS ONE},
    year = {2016},
    volume = {11},
    number = {6},
    pages = {e0156808},
    doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0156808}
}

J-10

    An improved LOD specification for 3D building models
    Filip Biljecki, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter
    Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 59: 25-37, 2016.
    PDF   DOI     Code   Video   Data 

    @article{2016_ceus_improved_lod,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Ledoux, Hugo and Stoter, Jantien},
    title = {{An improved LOD specification for 3D building models}},
    journal = {Computers, Environment and Urban Systems},
    year = {2016},
    volume = {59},
    pages = {25--37},
    doi = {10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2016.04.005}
}

J-9

    The variants of an LOD of a 3D building model and their influence on spatial analyses
    Filip Biljecki, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter, George Vosselman
    ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 116: 42-54, 2016.
    PDF   DOI   

    @article{2016_isprs_geometric_references,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Ledoux, Hugo and Stoter, Jantien and Vosselman, George},
    title = {{The variants of an LOD of a 3D building model and their influence on spatial analyses}},
    journal = {ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing},
    year = {2016},
    volume = {116},
    pages = {42--54},
    doi = {10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2016.03.003}
}

J-8

    A scientometric analysis of selected GIScience journals
    Filip Biljecki
    International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 30(7): 1302-1335, 2016.
    PDF   DOI     Journals   Speed analysis   Open access 

    @article{2016_ijgis_scientometrics,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip},
    title = {{A scientometric analysis of selected GIScience journals}},
    journal = {International Journal of Geographical Information Science},
    year = {2016},
    volume = {30},
    number = {7},
    pages = {1302--1335},
    doi = {10.1080/13658816.2015.1130831}
}

J-7

    Automatic update of road attributes by mining GPS tracks
    Karl van Winden, Filip Biljecki, Stefan van der Spek
    Transactions in GIS, 20(5): 664-683, 2016.
    PDF   DOI   

    @article{2016_tgis_automatic_road_update,
    author = {van Winden, Karl and Biljecki, Filip and van der Spek, Stefan},
    title = {{Automatic update of road attributes by mining GPS tracks}},
    journal = {Transactions in GIS},
    volume = {20},
    number = {5},
    pages = {664--683},
    year = {2016},
    doi = {10.1111/tgis.12186}
}

J-6

    Applications of 3D city models: state of the art review
    Filip Biljecki, Jantien Stoter, Hugo Ledoux, Sisi Zlatanova, Arzu Çöltekin
    ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 4(4): 2842-2889, 2015.
    PDF   DOI     Open access 

    @article{2015_ijgi_3d_applications,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Stoter, Jantien and Ledoux, Hugo and Zlatanova, Sisi and {\c C}{\"o}ltekin, Arzu},
    title = {{Applications of 3D City Models: State of the Art Review}},
    journal = {ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information},
    year = {2015},
    volume = {4},
    number = {4},
    pages = {2842--2889},
    month = dec,
    doi = {10.3390/ijgi4042842}
}

J-5

    Propagation of positional error in 3D GIS: estimation of the solar irradiation of building roofs
    Filip Biljecki, Gerard Heuvelink, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter
    International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 29(12): 2269-2294, 2015.
    PDF   DOI     Code   Video   Award 

    @article{2015_ijgis_3dgis_error_propagation,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Heuvelink, Gerard B M and Ledoux, Hugo and Stoter, Jantien},
    title = {{Propagation of positional error in 3D GIS: estimation of the solar irradiation of building roofs}},
    journal = {International Journal of Geographical Information Science},
    year = {2015},
    volume = {29},
    number = {12},
    pages = {2269--2294},
    month = dec,
    doi = {10.1080/13658816.2015.1073292}
}

J-4

    Automatically enhancing CityGML LOD2 models with a corresponding indoor geometry
    Roeland Boeters, Ken Arroyo Ohori, Filip Biljecki, Sisi Zlatanova
    International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 29(12): 2248-2268, 2015.
    PDF   DOI     Code 

    @article{2015_ijgis_citygml_lod2,
    author = {Boeters, Roeland and Arroyo Ohori, Ken and Biljecki, Filip and Zlatanova, Sisi},
    title = {{Automatically enhancing CityGML LOD2 models with a corresponding indoor geometry}},
    journal = {International Journal of Geographical Information Science},
    year = {2015},
    volume = {29},
    number = {12},
    pages = {2248--2268},
    month = dec,
    doi = {10.1080/13658816.2015.1072201}
}

J-3

    Modeling a 3D city model and its levels of detail as a true 4D model
    Ken Arroyo Ohori, Hugo Ledoux, Filip Biljecki, Jantien Stoter
    ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 4(3): 1055-1075, 2015.
    PDF   DOI     Code   Open access 

    @article{2015_ijgi_4d_model,
    author = {Arroyo Ohori, Ken and Ledoux, Hugo and Biljecki, Filip and Stoter, Jantien},
    title = {{Modeling a 3D City Model and Its Levels of Detail as a True 4D Model}},
    journal = {ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information},
    year = {2015},
    volume = {4},
    number = {3},
    pages = {1055--1075},
    month = jul,
    doi = {10.3390/ijgi4031055}
}

J-2

    Formalisation of the level of detail in 3D city modelling
    Filip Biljecki, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter, Junqiao Zhao
    Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 48: 1-15, 2014.
    PDF   DOI   

    @article{2014_ceus_lod_formalisation,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Ledoux, Hugo and Stoter, Jantien and Zhao, Junqiao},
    title = {{Formalisation of the level of detail in 3D city modelling}},
    journal = {Computers, Environment and Urban Systems},
    year = {2014},
    volume = {48},
    pages = {1--15},
    month = nov,
    doi = {10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2014.05.004}
}

J-1

    Transportation mode-based segmentation and classification of movement trajectories
    Filip Biljecki, Hugo Ledoux, Peter van Oosterom
    International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 27(2): 385-407, 2013.
    PDF   DOI   

    @article{2013_ijgis_transportation_mode,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Ledoux, Hugo and van Oosterom, Peter},
    title = {{Transportation mode-based segmentation and classification of movement trajectories}},
    journal = {International Journal of Geographical Information Science},
    year = {2013},
    volume = {27},
    number = {2},
    pages = {385--407},
    month = feb,
    doi = {10.1080/13658816.2012.692791}
}

Book chapters


B-4

    Modeling Cities and Landscapes in 3D with CityGML
    Ken Arroyo Ohori, Filip Biljecki, Kavisha Kumar, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter
    Building Information Modeling, André Borrmann, Markus König, Christian Koch, Jakob Beetz (eds.), pp. 199-215, 2018.
    PDF   DOI   

    @incollection{2018_CityGML_BIM_modeling,
    author = {Arroyo Ohori, Ken and Biljecki, Filip and Kumar, Kavisha and Ledoux, Hugo and Stoter, Jantien},
    title = {{Modeling Cities and Landscapes in 3D with CityGML}},
    booktitle = {Building Information Modeling},
    year = {2018},
    pages = {199--215},
    publisher = {Springer, Cham},
    address = {Cham},
    doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-92862-3_11}
}

B-3

    Does a finer level of detail of a 3D city model bring an improvement for estimating shadows?
    Filip Biljecki, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter
    Advances in 3D Geoinformation, Alias Abdul-Rahman (ed.), pp. 31-47, 2017.
    3D GeoInfo, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    PDF   DOI   

    @incollection{2017_3dgeoinfo_shadows,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Ledoux, Hugo and Stoter, Jantien},
    title = {{Does a Finer Level of Detail of a 3D City Model Bring an Improvement for Estimating Shadows?}},
    booktitle = {Advances in 3D Geoinformation},
    year = {2017},
    pages = {31--47},
    publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
    address = {Cham},
    doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-25691-7_2}
}

B-2

    Towards sustainable and clean 3D Geoinformation
    Jantien Stoter, Hugo Ledoux, Sisi Zlatanova, Filip Biljecki
    Geoinformationssysteme 2016: Beiträge zur 3. Münchner GI-Runde, T. H. Kolbe et al. (eds.), pp. 110-113, 2016.
    Münchner GI-Runde, Munich, Germany
    PDF     

    @incollection{2016_mgir_suistanable_3d,
    author = {Stoter, Jantien and Ledoux, Hugo and Zlatanova, Sisi and Biljecki, Filip},
    title = {{Towards sustainable and clean 3D Geoinformation}},
    booktitle = {Geoinformationssysteme 2016: Beitr{\"a}ge zur 3. M{\"u}nchner GI-Runde},
    year = {2016},
    editor = {Kolbe, Thomas H and Bill, Ralf and Donaubauer, Andreas},
    pages = {100--113},
    address = {Munich, Germany},
    month = feb,
    publisher = {Wichmann Herbert}
}

B-1

    Improving the consistency of multi-LOD CityGML datasets by removing redundancy
    Filip Biljecki, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter
    3D Geoinformation Science, 1-17, 2015.
    3D GeoInfo, Dubai, UAE
    PDF   DOI     Timelapse 

    @incollection{2015_3dgeoinfo_citygml_consistency,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Ledoux, Hugo and Stoter, Jantien},
    title = {{Improving the Consistency of Multi-LOD CityGML Datasets by Removing Redundancy}},
    booktitle = {3D Geoinformation Science},
    year = {2015},
    editor = {Breunig, Martin and Mulhim, Al-Doori and Butwilowski, Edgar and Kuper, Paul Vincent and Benner, Joachim and H{\"a}fele, Karl-Heinz},
    pages = {1--17},
    publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
    doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-12181-9_1}
}

International refereed conferences


C-18

    GeoBIM benchmark 2019: design and initial results
    Francesca Noardo, Ken Arroyo Ohori, Filip Biljecki, Thomas Krijnen, Claire Ellul, Lars Harrie, Jantien Stoter
    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-2-W13: 1339-1346, 2019.
    ISPRS Geospatial Week, Enschede, the Netherlands
    PDF   DOI     Open access 

    @article{2019_gsw_geobim_benchmark,
    author = {Noardo, F and Arroyo Ohori, K and Biljecki, F and Krijnen, T and Ellul, C and Harrie, L and Stoter, J},
    title = {{GeoBIM benchmark 2019: design and initial results}},
    journal = {Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.},
    year = {2019},
    volume = {XLII-2-W13},
    pages = {1339--1346},
    month = jun,
    doi = {10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-1339-2019}
}

C-17

    Preface - ISPRS workshop on advanced geospatial applications for smart cities and regions (SmartGeoApps 2019)
    Giorgio Agugiaro, Mila Koeva, Tu Wei, Filip Biljecki
    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., IV-2/W5: 501-501, 2019.
    ISPRS Geospatial Week, Enschede, the Netherlands
    PDF   DOI     Open access 

    @article{2019_gsw_preface_smartgeoapps,
    author = {Agugiaro, G and Koeva, M and Wei, T and Biljecki, F},
    title = {{Preface -- ISPRS workshop on advanced geospatial applications for smart cities and regions (SmartGeoApps 2019)}},
    journal = {ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.},
    year = {2019},
    volume = {IV-2/W5},
    pages = {501--501},
    doi = {10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-W5-501-2019}
}

C-16

    Floor plans in CityGML
    Amol Konde, Helga Tauscher, Filip Biljecki, James Crawford
    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., IV-4/W6: 25-32, 2018.
    3D GeoInfo, Delft, the Netherlands
    PDF   DOI     Open access 

    @article{2018_floor_plans_citygml,
    author = {Konde, Amol and Tauscher, Helga and Biljecki, Filip and Crawford, James},
    title = {{Floor plans in CityGML}},
    journal = {ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.},
    year = {2018},
    volume = {IV-4/W6},
    pages = {25--32},
    doi = {10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-4-W6-25-2018}
}

C-15

    A sliding window method for detecting corners of openings from terrestrial lidar data
    Jiaqiang Li, Biao Xiong, Filip Biljecki, Gerhard Schrotter
    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XLII-4/W10: 97-103, 2018.
    3D GeoInfo, Delft, the Netherlands
    PDF   DOI     Open access 

    @article{2018_sliding_window,
    author = {Li, Jiaqiang and Xiong, Biao and Biljecki, Filip and Schrotter, Gerhard},
    title = {{A sliding window method for detecting corners of openings from terrestrial lidar data}},
    journal = {Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.},
    year = {2018},
    volume = {XLII-4/W10},
    pages = {97--103},
    doi = {10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W10-97-2018}
}

C-14

    Estimating building age with 3D GIS
    Filip Biljecki, Maximilian Sindram
    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., IV-4-W5: 17-24, 2017.
    3D GeoInfo, Melbourne, Australia
    PDF   DOI     Open access Best paper award 

    @article{2017_3dgeoinfo_building_age_estimation,
    author = {Biljecki, F and Sindram, M},
    title = {{Estimating building age with 3D GIS}},
    journal = {ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.},
    year = {2017},
    volume = {IV-4-W5},
    pages = {17--24},
    doi = {10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-4-W5-17-2017}
}

C-13

    Towards an integration of GIS and BIM data: what are the geometric and topological issues?
    Ken Arroyo Ohori, Filip Biljecki, Abdoulaye Diakité, Thomas Krijnen, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter
    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., IV-4-W5: 1-8, 2017.
    3D GeoInfo, Melbourne, Australia
    PDF   DOI     Open access 

    @article{2017_3dgeoinfo_bim_gis_integration,
    author = {Arroyo Ohori, K and Biljecki, F and Diakit{\'e}, A and Krijnen, T and Ledoux, H and Stoter, J},
    title = {{Towards an integration of GIS and BIM data: what are the geometric and topological issues?}},
    journal = {ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.},
    year = {2017},
    volume = {IV-4-W5},
    pages = {1--8},
    doi = {10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-4-W5-1-2017}
}

C-12

    First registration of multi-level ownership rights in 3D in the Netherlands
    Jantien Stoter, Hendrik Ploeger, Ruben Roes, Els van der Riet, Filip Biljecki, Hugo Ledoux
    5th International FIG Workshop on 3D Cadastres, 491-504, 2016.
    3D Cadastres, Athens, Greece
    PDF     News   Open access 

    @inproceedings{2016_3dcadastres_delft_station,
    author = {Stoter, Jantien and Ploeger, Hendrik and Roes, Ruben and van der Riet, Els and Biljecki, Filip and Ledoux, Hugo},
    title = {{First 3D Cadastral Registration of Multi-level Ownerships Rights in the Netherlands}},
    booktitle = {5th International FIG Workshop on 3D Cadastres},
    year = {2016},
    pages = {491--504},
    address = {Athens, Greece}
}

C-11

    Towards automatic semantic labelling of 3D city models
    Merwin Rook, Filip Biljecki, Abdoulaye Diakité
    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., IV-2/W1: 23-30, 2016.
    3D GeoInfo, Athens, Greece
    PDF   DOI     Open access 

    @article{2016_3dgeoinfo_semantic_classification,
    author = {Rook, M and Biljecki, F and Diakit{\'e}, A A},
    title = {{Towards automatic semantic labelling of 3D city models}},
    journal = {ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.},
    year = {2016},
    volume = {IV-2/W1},
    pages = {23--30},
    doi = {10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-W1-23-2016}
}

C-10

    The most common geometric and semantic errors in CityGML datasets
    Filip Biljecki, Hugo Ledoux, Xin DU, Jantien Stoter, Kean Huat SOON, Victor KHOO
    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., IV-2/W1: 13-22, 2016.
    3D GeoInfo, Athens, Greece
    PDF   DOI     Code   Open access 

    @article{2016_3dgeoinfo_citygml_errors,
    author = {Biljecki, F and Ledoux, H and Du, X and Stoter, J and Soon, K H and Khoo, V H S},
    title = {{The most common geometric and semantic errors in CityGML datasets}},
    journal = {ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.},
    year = {2016},
    volume = {IV-2/W1},
    pages = {13--22},
    doi = {10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-W1-13-2016}
}

C-9

    Proposal for a new LOD and multi-representation concept for CityGML
    Marc-Oliver Löwner, Gerhard Gröger, Joachim Benner, Filip Biljecki, Claus Nagel
    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., IV-2/W1: 3-12, 2016.
    3D GeoInfo, Athens, Greece
    PDF   DOI     Open access 

    @article{2016_3dgeoinfo_lod_proposal,
    author = {L{\"o}wner, M O and Gr{\"o}ger, G and Benner, J and Biljecki, F and Nagel, C},
    title = {{Proposal for a new LOD and multi-representation concept for CityGML}},
    journal = {ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.},
    year = {2016},
    volume = {IV-2/W1},
    pages = {3--12},
    doi = {10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-W1-3-2016}
}

C-8

    Generation of multi-LOD 3D city models in CityGML with the procedural modelling engine Random3Dcity
    Filip Biljecki, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter
    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., IV-4/W1: 51-59, 2016.
    UDMS, Split, Croatia
    PDF   DOI     Code   Video   Data   Open access 

    @article{2016_udms_random3dcity,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Ledoux, Hugo and Stoter, Jantien},
    title = {{Generation of multi-LOD 3D city models in CityGML with the procedural modelling engine Random3Dcity}},
    journal = {ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.},
    vol = {IV-4/W1},
    pages = {51--59},
    year = {2016},
    doi = {10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-4-W1-51-2016}
}

C-7

    Automatic semantic-preserving conversion between OBJ and CityGML
    Filip Biljecki, Ken Arroyo Ohori
    Eurographics Workshop on Urban Data Modelling and Visualisation, 25-30, 2015.
    UDMV, Delft, Netherlands
    PDF   DOI     Code   

    @inproceedings{2015_udmv_citygml_obj,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Arroyo Ohori, Ken},
    title = {{Automatic Semantic-preserving Conversion Between OBJ and CityGML}},
    booktitle = {Eurographics Workshop on Urban Data Modelling and Visualisation 2015},
    year = {2015},
    pages = {25--30},
    address = {Delft, Netherlands},
    doi = {10.2312/udmv.20151345},
    month = nov
}

C-6

    Visibility analysis in a point cloud based on the medial axis transform
    Ravi Peters, Hugo Ledoux, Filip Biljecki
    Eurographics Workshop on Urban Data Modelling and Visualisation, 7-12, 2015.
    UDMV, Delft, Netherlands
    PDF   DOI     

    @inproceedings{2015_udmv_lidar_visibility,
    author = {Peters, Ravi and Ledoux, Hugo and Biljecki, Filip},
    title = {{Visibility Analysis in a Point Cloud Based on the Medial Axis Transform}},
    booktitle = {Eurographics Workshop on Urban Data Modelling and Visualisation 2015},
    year = {2015},
    pages = {7--12},
    address = {Delft, Netherlands},
    doi = {10.2312/udmv.20151342},
    month = nov
}

C-5

    Installed base registration of decentralised solar panels with applications in crisis management
    Rosann Aarsen, Milo Janssen, Myron Ramkisoen, Filip Biljecki, Wilko Quak, Edward Verbree
    Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XL-3/W3: 219-223, 2015.
    ISPRS Geospatial Week, La Grande Motte, France
    PDF   DOI     Open access 

    @article{2015_gi4dm_pv_database,
    author = {Aarsen, R and Janssen, M and Ramkisoen, M and Biljecki, F and Quak, W and Verbree, E},
    title = {{Installed base registration of decentralised solar panels with applications in crisis management}},
    journal = {Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.},
    year = {2015},
    volume = {XL-3/W3},
    pages = {219--223},
    doi = {10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-3-W3-219-2015}
}

C-4

    Height references of CityGML LOD1 buildings and their influence on applications
    Filip Biljecki, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter
    Proceedings of the 9th 3D GeoInfo Conference, 2014.
    3D GeoInfo, Dubai, UAE
    PDF   DOI     Open access 

    @inproceedings{2014_3dgeoinfo_lod1_references,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Ledoux, Hugo and Stoter, Jantien},
    title = {{Height references of CityGML LOD1 buildings and their influence on applications}},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the 9th 3D GeoInfo Conference 2014},
    year = {2014},
    editor = {Breunig, Martin and Mulhim, Al-Doori and Butwilowski, Edgar and Kuper, Paul Vincent and Benner, Joachim and H{\"a}fele, Karl-Heinz},
    address = {Dubai, UAE},
    month = nov
    doi = {10.4233/uuid:09d030b5-67d3-467b-babb-5e5ec10f1b38}
}

C-3

    Error propagation in the computation of volumes in 3D city models with the Monte Carlo method
    Filip Biljecki, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter
    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., II-2: 31-39, 2014.
    Spatial Data Handling, Toronto, Canada
    PDF   DOI     Open access 

    @article{2014_sdh_error_propagation,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Ledoux, Hugo and Stoter, Jantien},
    title = {{Error propagation in the computation of volumes in 3D city models with the Monte Carlo method}},
    journal = {ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.},
    year = {2014},
    volume = {II-2},
    pages = {31--39},
    month = oct,
    doi = {10.5194/isprsannals-II-2-31-2014}
}

C-2

    Revisiting the concept of level of detail in 3D city modelling
    Filip Biljecki, Junqiao Zhao, Jantien Stoter, Hugo Ledoux
    ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., II-2/W1: 63-74, 2013.
    3D GeoInfo, Istanbul, Turkey
    PDF   DOI     Open access 

    @article{2013_3dgeoinfo_revisiting_lod,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Zhao, Junqiao and Stoter, Jantien and Ledoux, Hugo},
    title = {{Revisiting the concept of level of detail in 3D city modelling}},
    journal = {ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.},
    year = {2013},
    volume = {II-2/W1},
    pages = {63--74},
    month = nov,
    doi = {10.5194/isprsannals-II-2-W1-63-2013}
}

C-1

    Manipulating higher dimensional spatial information
    Ken Arroyo Ohori, Filip Biljecki, Jantien Stoter, Hugo Ledoux
    Proceedings of the 16th AGILE International Conference on Geographic Information Science, 2013.
    AGILE, Leuven, Belgium
    PDF   DOI     Open access 

    @inproceedings{2013_agile_nd_geoinformation,
    author = {Arroyo Ohori, Ken and Stoter, Jantien and Ledoux, Hugo},
    title = {{Manipulating higher dimensional spatial information}},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science},
    year = {2013},
    editor = {Vandenbroucke, D and Bucher, B and Crompvoets, J},
    pages = {1--7},
    address = {Leuven, Belgium},
    month = may
    doi = {10.4233/uuid:c4751ad5-e008-48a6-806b-af38099e0b3a}
}

Miscellaneous: reports, professional publications, ...


M-3

    Het Level of Detail van 3D geo-informatie: een bekend maar nauwelijks onderzocht concept
    Filip Biljecki, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter
    Geo-Info, 14(5): 12-16, 2017.
    PDF   

    @article{2017_geoinfo_lod,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Ledoux, Hugo and Stoter, Jantien},
    title = {{Het Level of Detail van 3D geo-informatie: een bekend maar nauwelijks onderzocht concept}},
    journal = {Geo-Info},
    year = {2017},
    volume = {14},
    number = {5},
    pages = {12--16},
    month = nov
}

M-2

    OGC CityGML Quality Interoperability Experiment
    Open Geospatial Consortium
    OGC Public Engineering Report, Document OGC 16-064, 2016.
    PDF   Web   Press release   

    @techreport{2016_ogc_qie,
    author = {{OGC}},
    title = {{OGC CityGML Quality Interoperability Experiment}},
    year = {2016},
    number = {OGC 16-064},
    editor = {Wagner, Detlev and Ledoux, Hugo},
    institution = {Open Geospatial Consortium}
}

M-1

    Redefining the Level of Detail for 3D models
    Filip Biljecki, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter
    GIM International, 28(11): 21-23, 2014.
    PDF   

    @article{2014_gim_lod,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip and Ledoux, Hugo and Stoter, Jantien},
    title = {{Redefining the Level of Detail for 3D models}},
    journal = {GIM International},
    year = {2014},
    volume = {28},
    number = {11},
    pages = {21--23},
    month = nov
}

Theses


PhD

    Level of detail in 3D city models
    Filip Biljecki (2017)
    PhD thesis, Delft University of Technology, 353 p. Defended on 2017-05-01.
    PDF (99MB)   Propositions   Low-res PDF (12MB)   DOI   TU Delft repository    
    The thesis has its dedicated page on the following link. 

    @phdthesis{BiljeckiPhD,
    author = {Biljecki, Filip},
    title = {Level of detail in 3D city models},
    school = {Delft University of Technology},
    year = {2017},
    address = {Delft, the Netherlands},
    month = may,
    doi = {10.4233/uuid:f12931b7-5113-47ef-bfd4-688aae3be248},
    ISBN = {9789461868008}
}

MSc

    Automatic segmentation and classification of movement trajectories for transportation modes
    Filip Biljecki (2010)
    MSc thesis Geomatics, Delft University of Technology, 114 p. Defended on 2010-07-02.
    PDF   DOI   TU Delft repository   Slides    
    The thesis has its dedicated page on the following link. 

    @mastersthesis{BiljeckiMSc,
    title = {{Automatic segmentation and classification of movement trajectories for transportation modes}},
    school = {Delft University of Technology},
    year = {2010},
    address = {Delft, the Netherlands},
    month = jul
    doi = {10.4233/uuid:654587d2-6e93-4619-ab9a-29d95f843f35}
}

Supervised students


S-5

    Exploring the automatic Level of Detail inference for the validation of buildings in 3D city models
    Balázs Dukai
    MSc thesis Geomatics, Delft University of Technology, 93 pp.
    January 2018
    TU Delft repository

S-4

    Predicting noise nuisance from outdoor music events in the built environment
    Jan ten Kate
    MSc thesis Geomatics, Delft University of Technology, 117 pp.
    November 2017
    TU Delft repository

S-3

    Automatic thematic and semantic classification of 3D city models
    Merwin Rook
    MSc thesis Geomatics, Delft University of Technology, 95 pp.
    November 2016
    TU Delft repository   Paper

S-2

    Decentral solar energy database
    Rosann Aarsen, Myron Ramkisoen, Milo Janssen
    MSc Geomatics Synthesis Project, Delft University of Technology, 93 pp.
    March 2015
    TU Delft repository   Paper

S-1

    Automatically deriving and updating attribute road data from movement trajectories
    Karl van Winden
    MSc thesis Geomatics, Delft University of Technology, 84 pp.
    June 2014
    TU Delft repository   Paper